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. � 1INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
n
• L OPERATING PRINCIPLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
BENEFITS OF THE PERMEABLE
PAVER&SLAB SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
IMPROVED WATER QUALITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
TECHO-BLOC PERMEABLE
PAVERS &SLABS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
--� DESIGN CRITERIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
_.�
FAQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
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• .
INTRODUCTION
• IR One of the direct consequences of urban development is an
increase in impervious surface area. Over the years,vast areas
that used to be covered by vegetation and natural permeable
NN �' surfaces have been replaced by parking lots, streets and roofs,
disrupting the natural process of water infiltration into the soil.
One of the effects of this is increased runoff and flow during
precipitation.
The higher flow and rising water levels in storm sewer pipe
systems and streams can cause problems including flooding, erosion, sedimentation and pollution. In addition,
with global warming,the frequency of events involving heavy rains and accelerated snowmelt is more pronounced.
It is therefore important to rapidly seek new solutions.
TECHO-BLOC permeable paver systems reduce thevolume of water directed to the municipal system and,as such,
are viable solutions for better stormwater management.Permeable paver systems reduce runoff and improve the
quality of water returning to the environment.Water seeps through the paving stonejoints and is then directed into
the ground,or stored temporarily in the base/subbase structure.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recognizes permeable pavers as a management practice for
stormwater and as a low impact development(LID)practice.
TECHO-BLOC is a company dedicated to the development and innovation of new green products to support
sustainable development.
2. OPERATING PRINCIPLE
The role of a permeable paver system is to allow water from precipitation to pass through the paving stones joints
and seep into the ground naturally or to be retained in the base/subbase structure rather than turning into runoff
headed directly into the sewer system.
The base/subbase structure consists of a clean washed, porous stone that can collect and store water for some
time.The water can then seep into the ground in a more natural process.
In cases where soil permeability is insufficient,the water is intercepted by a network of perforated drains before
being routed to the drainage system; in this case,the system acts primarily as an underground reservoir.
The system is designed to promote water detention and infiltration.Three types of systems are used, depending
on soil permeability:
COMPLETE INFILTRATION
Recommended in the case of soils with an infiltration rate of at least 0.49 in./hr(12.5 mm/hr).All water seeps
directly into the soil;a subbase drainage pipe system is not required.
PARTIAL INFILTRATION
Water does not infiltrate fully.A perforated pipe system in the subbase is required to allow the residual water
to be evacuated to the network.
PARTIAL INFILTRATION WITH FLOW RESTRICTOR(INFILTRATION NEAR ZERO)
Recommended when soil infiltration capacity is too low or the water table is too high. Water is discharged
through a system of perforated pipes and a flow restrictor to control the entry of water into the municipal
network.The system essentially acts as an underground reservoir.
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CASE No 1- FULL INFILTRATION
A H A. PERMEABLE PAVER FROM TECHO-BLOC
B (INFLO,MISTA RANDOM,PURE,
VICTORIEN PERMEABLEORVILLAGIO)
4 „ B. JOINT FILLING MATERIAL
ASTM NO 8(CSA 2.5-10 mm)AGGREGATE
C. BEDDING COURSE 11/2"T02"(40TO50 mm)
ASTM NO 8(CSA 2.5-10 mm)AGGREGATE
D. BASE COURSE 4"(100 mm)
BLE
ASTM NO 57(CSA5-28mm)AGGREGATE
VARIA
E. SUBBASE COURSE
VA/ ASTM NO 2(CSA 40-80 mm)AGGREGATE
F. G EOT EXTI L E
G. S U BG RA D E
H. CONCRETE EDGE
G
CASE No 2-PARTIAL INFILTRATION
A. PERMEABLE PAVER FROM TECHO-BLOC
A H (INFLO,MISTA RANDOM,PURE,
B VICTORIEN PERMEABLE ORVILLAGIO)
B. JOINT FILLING MATERIAL
ASTM NO 8(CSA 2.5-10 mm)AGGREGATE
---------------
C. BEDDINGCOU RSEI1/2"T02"(40TO50mm)
ASTM NO 8(CSA2.5-10 mm)AGGREGATE
A VA/jAA/jAA/jAA/j D. BASE COURSE 4"(100 mm)
VARIABLE / / // ASTM NO 57(CSA 5-28 mm)AGGREGATE
E \ ��// E. SUBBASE COURSE
VAS// ASTM NO 2(CSA 40-80 mm)AGGREGATE
F. GEOTEXTILE
F /\//
G. S U BG RAD E
H. CONCRETE EDGE
G I I. PERFORATED DRAIN CONNECTEDTO
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
CASE No 3- NO INFILTRATION
A. PERMEABLE PAVER FROM TECHO-BLOC
A (INFLO,MISTA RANDOM,PURE,
H VICTORIEN PERMEABLE ORVILLAGIO)
B
B. JOINT FILLING MATERIAL
ASTM NO 8(CSA 2.5-10 mm)AGGREGATE
c C. BEDDINGCOURSE li/2"T02"(40TO50mm)
VA�AA�AA�AA�AA ASTM NO (CSA 2.5-10 mm)AGGREGATE
VA�AA�AA�AA�AA D. BASE COURSE 4"(100 mm)
E V�//V�//V�//V� ASTM NO 57(CSA 5-28 mm)AGGREGATE
VARIABLE
E. SUBBASE COURSE
ASTM NO 2(CSA 40-80 mm)AGGREGATE
F. IMPERMEABLE MEMBRANE
F G. S U BG RA D E
H. CONCRETE EDGE
I. PERFORATED DRAIN CONNECTED TO
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
J. GEOTEXTILETO PROTECT IMPERMEABLE
MEMBRANE(OPTIONAL)
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• .
BENEFITS OF THE PERMEABLE PAVER & SLAB SYSTEM
• - Reduce the construction of additional impervious surfaces
" - Contribute to maintaining hydrologic conditions that
r existed prior to development
- Reduce runoff volume
Reduce peak flow (discharge to sewer is spread over a
longer period)
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Id Lke
Reduce network overload;
Reduce wastewater treatment costs
- Reduce the need for expensive underground retention
basins and surface retention ponds
Use in confined spaces in existing areas requiring additional stormwater management
Reduce potential risk of erosion and flooding associated with increased runoff rates and volumes
Improve water quality
Contribute to replenishing the water table
Reduce heat island effects(light color,high solar reflectance index(SRI),cools and humidifies surrounding air)
Gain credits for LEED certification
Improve the aesthetic quality of urban landscape
4. IMPROVED WATER QUALITY
When it rains,water runoff takes on pollutants(suspended solids,nutrients,heavy metals and other contaminants)
that are then directed to the municipal network before ending up in the waterways.
Pollutants carried by runoff have a significant impact on water quality,affecting the water supply,fish and wildlife
habitat,recreational usage and aesthetic aspects.
Permeable pavers are known for their high pollutant removal potential, which contributes to improving water
quality. Pollutants are reduced mainly by infiltration, and through several other processes.The permeable paver
system is effective for removing sediment, nutrients and heavy metals. Some studies have also shown potential
for bacterial treatment of oils.
PERCENTAGE OF POLLUTANT REMOVAL BY PERMEABLE PAVING STONES'
Total suspended solids 81
Total phosphorus 53
Total Kjeldahl nitrogen 53
Total copper 13
Total zinc 72
The data were measured on King Campus at Seneca College in
King City,Ontario.The Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute
presents several data from the various sites that show lower levels
of pollutants where permeable pavers were used.
'.Van Seters,T.,Performance Evaluation of Permeable Pavement and Bioretention Swale Seneca College,King City,Ontario,Interim Report#3,Toronto and Region
Conservation Authority,Downsview,Ontario,May,2007.
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;�. TECHO-BLOC PERMEABLE PAVERS & SLABS •
TECH O-BLOC permeable pavers area n alternative to traditional impervious cover.They reduce stormwater runoff • •
to sewer systems by promoting water detention and infiltration. They are an effective way to control stormwater
at source on residential, commercial and industrial lots. They can also minimize the need to build larger sewer
systems downstream of vacant lots being developed in an existing urbanized sector.
The permeable paver system is the type that has been the most successful among the various types of permeable
paving available today. It can be used successfully in a winter climate and is less prone to clogging compared to
pervious concrete or porous asphalt.
TECHO-BLOC permeable pavers and slabs meet the requirements of ASTM C936 and CSA A231.1 Standard.
J!-: Freeze-thaw
mpressive strength 8000 psi(55 MPa)min.
durability with use of de icing salt Loss of mass after 50 cycles 1%max.
er absorption(Techo-Bloc requirement) 5%(max)
Length and width ±1/16"(1.6 mm)
ensional tolerances
Height ±1/8"(3.2 mm)
Compressive strength(Techo Bloc requirement) 6 500 psi[45 MPa]min.
Flexural strength 650 psi[4.5 MPa]min.
Loss of mass after 28 cycles 0.102 Ib/pie[500 g/m2]max.
Freeze-thaw durability with use of de-icing salt
Loss of mass after 49 cycles 0.246 Ib/piz[1200 g/m2]max.
" Water absorption(Techo-Bloc requirement) 5%(max)
Length and width -1/3z"[1 mm]to+1/16"[2 mm]
Dimensional tolerances
Height +1/8"[3 mm]
+1/16"[2 mm]Dimension of 171Ilh6"[450 mm]and less
Warpage +1/8"[3 mm]Dimension over 1712/16"[450 mm]
ACCESSIBLE DESIGN
On a path with no obstacles,walkways should not have any gaps allowing the passage of a sphere greater than 1/2"
(13 mm)in diameter.The openings of the permeable paver joints are filled with clean stone and thus comply with
ADA Standard for Accessible Design.
TECHO-BLOC PERCENT OF INFILTRATION-A- JOINTWIDTH (mm)
OPENINGPERMEABLE
ANTIKA2 Variable Variable 993 in./hr(25 227 mm/hr)
INFLO' 5.8 1/2"(13 mm) 837 in./hr(21267 mm/hr)
MISTA RANDOM' 6.3 3/w"(4 mm)to 9/16'(14 mm) 610 in./hr(15 505 mm/hr)
PURE 5.0 3/8"(10 mm) 726 in./hr(18 440 mm/hr)
VICTORIEN 60 mm PERMEABLE' 9.6 3/8"(10 mm) 909 in./hr(23 085 mm/hr)
VILLAGI01 8.0 3/8"(9 mm)to 9/16"(15 mm) 896 in./hr(22 750 mm/hr)
TECHO-BLOC PERCENT OF INFILTRATIONIOINT WIDTH (mm)
IPERMEABLESLAB • •
BLU 60 mm2 3.0 9/62"(7 mm) 570 in /hr(14 475 mm/hr)
'Measurements were taken at various sites in conformity to the standard ASTM C 1701-09.
2Measurements were taken at various sites in conformity to the standard ASTM C 1781.
• .
• PAVERS
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ANTIKA PURE
Unit Dimensions
Unit Dimensions Inches mm
Various sizes, W Thickness 31/8 80
seemheight of 2 3/8 inches Width 9 228
(60 mm) Length 9 228
t Thickness 3 Va 80
Width 9 228
Length 12 305
Thickness 31/8 80
Width 9 228
Length 15 381
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Techo-Bloc provides
contractors a machine specially
- designed forthe installation of
Inflo permeable pavers.
INFLO VICTORIEN 60 mm permeable
�T �T
L
W Unit Dimensions Inches mm t W Unit Dimensions Inches mm
Thickness 315/16 100 Thickness 23/8 60
Width 77/8 200 Width 41/4 108
Length 1113/16 300 Length 81/2 216
•
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MISTA random VILLAGIO
T T
L W L W
Unit Dimensions Inches mm Unit Dimensions Inches mm
Thickness 29/16 65 Thickness 23/8 60
Width 77/8 200 � Width 51/8 130
Length 315/16 100 Length 51/8 130
t Thickness 29/16 65 1 Thickness 23/8 60
Width 77/8 200 Width 51/8 130
Length 77/8 200 Length 65/16 160
Thickness 29/16 65 Thickness 23/8 60
Width 77/8 200 Width 51/8 130
Length 1113/16 300 Length 75/16 185
U Thickness 23/8 60
Width 51/8 130
Length 87/16 215
SLAB
BLU 60 mm
T
= • _ L w Unit Dimensions Inches mm
Thickness 23/8 60
Width 13 330
Length 61/2 165
Thickness 23/8 60
Width 13 330
Length 13 330
Thickness 23/8 60
Width 13 330
Length 191/2 495
BLU 60 mm SLAB COMES IN DIFFERENT FINISHES:
SLATE(DISPLAYED),SLATE AGED AND SMOOTH.
• -
6. DESIGN CRITERIA
The design of a permeable paving system is based on site conditions, including, without limitation, rainfall data,
topography, soil characteristics, the height of the water table and bedrock surface,tributary runoff surface and
proximity to water supply wells.
The main factors to be considered are:
Soil infiltration rate should be at least 0.49 in./hr(12.5 mm/hr)where the system is designed for complete
infiltration.
The underside of the system must be at least 2'(0.6 m)above the water table and bedrock.
The permeable pavement system should be located at a distance of at least 98' (30 m) from water
supply wells.
The paved surface must have a grade of at least 1% and most preferably not more than 5%. The slope of
tributary runoff area should not be greater than 20%.
The ratio between the tributary runoff area and the permeable pavement area should not exceed 5 to 1.
The porosity of the clean stone composing the base and subbase should be no less than 32%, but
preferably 40%.
The percolation rate measured in situ should be understated by at least 2 to account for the long-term
reduction of the soil's absorption capacity.
A maximum drain time of 48 hours is recommended.
In situations where rainfall is greater than the design flow rate, an overflow system directs runoff to the
drainage network.
LEED
The U.S.Green Building Council(USGBC)is a non-profit organization promotingthe implementation of sustainable
projects through the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED°)certification program.
TECHO-BLOC permeable pavers can directly contribute to obtaining LEED credits in the following categories:
,SUSTAINABLE SITES
CREDIT 6.1 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Quantity Control 1POINT
CREDIT 6.2 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Quantity Control 1POINT
CREDIT7.1 HEAT ISLAND EFFECT Non-roof 1 POINT
RESOURCESMATERIALS AND
CREDIT5.1 REGIONAL MATERIALS 10%Extracted,Processed and 1 POINT
Manufactured Regionally
20%Extracted,Processed and 1 POINT
CREDIT5.2 REGIONAL MATERIALS Manufactured Regionally (in addition
to Credit 5.1)
TECHO-BLOC permeable pavers can contribute to obtaining up to 3 points in the Sustainable Sites category and
up to 2 points in the Materials&Resources category.
1
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`. FAQ
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1. For what tppe of traffic can permeable pavers be used?
In general, permeable pavers are suitable for use in low speed areas not exposed to heavy vehicles, such as
parking areas,driveways, bike paths,walking paths,patios and playgrounds.
However,TECHO-BLOC Inflo permeable pavers are designed for applications in larger areas with higher traffic,
such as residential streets,parking lanes,storage areas and sidewalks.
2. How much water can be absorbed by a permeable paver spstem?
The absorption capacity of the system is based on the infiltration rate of the soil on the site and the clean
stone materials(joints, bedding, base and subbase).The soil infiltration rate is an indicator of potential water
infiltration directly into the soil and determines the type of system design (complete or partial infiltration).
The materials used in the construction of permeable pavers have higher infiltration rates than natural soil.
The initial surface infiltration rate of the permeable pavers is very high. The system allows the infiltration of
precipitation with intensity lower than the surface infiltration rate or until the water storage capacity in the
clean stone reservoir is reached. In a well-designed system,water storage capacity is rarely reached.
3. Can the permeable paver spstem perform well in a winter climate?
Yes,in order to ensure their performance in winter weather,TECHO-BLOC permeable pavers are manufactured
to meet, in addition to ASTM C936, CSA A231.2-06 requirements for withstanding freezing and thawing with
de-icing salt. Experience with permeable pavers in cold climates has demonstrated the absence of heaving.A
maximum drain time of 48 hours is recommended and the water that may have accumulated in the clean stone
reservoir should be evacuated within this time frame. In the event that water freezes before it is evacuated,the
space between reservoir aggregates allows sufficient room to accommodate the expansion caused by freezing
water and the risk of heaving is thereby minimized. Ultimately,the permeable paver system is flexible enough
to tolerate minor movements.
4. What Find of maintenance is recommended for the permeable paver spstem?
Regular cleaning will help maintain a high enough surface infiltration rate to allow rainwater to soak through the
joints.At least one inspection and cleaning should be performed during the first year of service and thereafter
as required. Cleaning is recommended when the surface infiltration rate is less than 9.8 in./hr(250 mm/hr).
Cleaning can be done with a vacuum adjusted to minimize the removal of joint filling material. In winter, snow
removal can be done as for any other type of paving, but it is still recommended that snow removal blades be
covered with a protective coating and raised 1" (25 mm). Permeable pavers require less de-icing material than
conventional pavement. Since melted water does not accumulate, it will not re-freeze on the surface. It is not
recommended to spread sand for traction,as this may clog the joints; instead, spread the aggregate used for
fillingjoints.
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COLOR THROUGH&THROUGH DE-ICING SALT RESISTANT STRENGTH&DURABILITY TRANSFERABLE LIFETIME WARRANTY
TOLL FREE:1.87Z832.4625 www.techo-bloc.com
USA CANADA
Pen Argyl Montreal,QC
852 W.Pennsylvania Avenue,Pen Argyl,PA 18072 5255AIbert-Millichamp street,Saint-Hubert,QC J3Y 8Z8
Douglassville Ottawa,ON
23 Quarry Road,Douglassville,PA 19518 6310 Hazeldean Road-P.O.Box 1791,Stittsville,ON K2S 1134
Massachusetts Toronto,ON
70 East Brookfield Rd.,North Brookfield,MA 01535 10 Freshway Drive,Vaughan,ON L4K 1S3
North Carolina Toronto,ON
5135 Surrett Drive,High Point,NC 27263 1050 Industrial Road,Ayr,ON NOB 1E0
Ohio
15000 W.Akron Canfield Rd.,Berlin Center,OH 44401